Haldwani is the third most populous city in Uttarakhand was founded in 1834 and is also known as the "Gateway of Kumaon". In Kumaoni, the local dialect, the place is called "Halduvani", literally "forest (vana) of Haldu", after the tree named "Haldu", often referred to as "Kadamb" (Haldina cordifolia), which was found in abundance before deforestation for agriculture and settlement.